Section: 
Science articles
Science articlesThe measures of informativeness of diagnostic medical technologies in otorhinolaryngology: calculation and interpretation
A. A. Korneenkov (1), S. V. Ryazantsev (1), E. E. Vyazemskaya (1), M. A. Budkovaya (1)
(1) Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
UDK: 519.23:303.714:004.43: 616.21-07.616-07
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2020-1-46-55
ABSTRACT
The article discusses typical tasks of quantitative comparison and analysis of efficacy of diagnostic medical technologies. The authors discuss the indicators of clinical informativeness of diagnostic methods in otorhinolaryngology, the quantitative methods for their calculation and interpretation, their importance for making diagnostic decisions. Using one of the diagnostic methods as an example, they describe the algorithms for comparison of the studied diagnostic test with the “gold standard” test according to clinical information indicators: sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy, the ratio of positive and negative test result likelihood. The authors consider the problems of constructing ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves using the example of diagnostic indicators of nasal obstruction: airflow and pressure, as well as the calculation and presentation of AUC (area under curve, in one figure), finding diagnostic threshold points for two tests (the changes in flow and resistance), and testing the statistical hypothesis about the equality of AUC of these two tests, building of nomogram for calculation the post-test disease probability of disease. It is shown how all the standard operational characteristics of diagnostic medical technologies and additional useful indicators can be efficiently calculated using the presented method. All calculations were performed in the statistical program R. The text of the article contains program codes of the R language with explanations.
Publication date:
13.02.2020
Keywords:
operational characteristics of diagnostic medical technologies, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value of positive test results, predictive value of negative test results, accuracy, the ratio of positive and negative test result likelihood, R program, R-language. For citation:
Korneenkov A. A., Ryazantsev S. V., Vyazemskaya E. E., Budkovaya M. A. The measures of informativeness of diagnostic medical technologies in otorhinolaryngology: calculation and interpretation. Rossiiskaya otorinolaringologiya. 2020;19(1):46–55. https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2020-1-46-55