Section: 
Reviews
ReviewsReview of approaches to surgical treatment of dermoid nasal cysts with intracranial spread in children
A. S. Yunusov (1), E. V. Molodtsova (2), D. V. Maletina (3)
(1), (2), (3) National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.212.4-006.2-089.87-053.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2024-5-121-126
ABSTRACT
Abstract. Dermoid cysts (synonym “dermoid”) are benign neoplasms that develop as a result of immersion in the embryonic period of particles of the ectodermal germ leaf into the underlying tissues or as a result of malformation of all three germ leaves. Dermoid cysts are characterized by a certain anatomical localization —places where cracks and furrows were located in the embryonic period, or where the recesses of the ectoderm were closed or the skin rudiments were removed. The most characteristic localization of dermoid cysts is the area of the face, neck, occiput, mediastinum, sacrum as well as the ovaries, the handle of the sternum, and the floor of the oral cavity. Most often, a dermoid cyst does not manifest itself in any way, except for a cosmetic defect, and is characterized by slow growth and a benign course. Dermoid often has to be differentiated from other benign formations: atheromas, hygromas, lipomas, fibroids. Sometimes the dermoid cyst becomes inflamed, suppurates, and a fistula forms, through which pus, liquid fatty masses, and even embryonic inclusions in the form of hair and cartilage tissue are released. As a rule, the fistula does not close on its own. Treatment of the presented neoplasm is only surgical. In the intracranial spread of dermoid, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary — the joint work of an otolaryngologist and a neurosurgeon. This article presents etiopathogenesis, an overview of various approaches to the surgical treatment of median heterotopias in children.
Publication date:
17.10.2024
Keywords:
nasal dermoid cyst, dermoid, intracranial spread, median heterotopia For citation:
Yunusov A. S., Molodtsova E. V., Maletina D. V. Review of approaches to surgical treatment of dermoid nasal cysts with intracranial spread in children. Russian otorhinolaryngology. 2024;23(5):121-126. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2024-5-121-126