Section: 
Rewiews
RewiewsEmbryology, age-related changes, and clinical aspects of nasal septum: ?from development to surgical correction
G. V. Lavrenova (1), O. E. Vereshchagina (2), D. A. Chuikova (3)
(1), (2), (3) Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.212.5-053.9:611.013.9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-5-122-129
ABSTRACT
Abstract. The article focuses on the embryological development of the nasal septum, its age-related changes, and clinical aspects related to deformities and surgical treatment. Key stages of nasal septum formation are considered, starting from early embryogenesis, when it develops from tissues of the ectoderm, neural crest, and mesoderm. Modern imaging techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, have clarified the mechanisms of its development, challenging some traditional views. Special attention is given to age-related changes in the cartilage of the septum, including a decrease in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and an increase in type I collagen, leading to reduced cartilage elasticity with age. Molecular and genetic factors influencing septum development are also discussed, as is the discovery of lipocartilage containing lipochondrocytes, which may have implications for regenerative medicine. The article emphasizes the importance of considering age-related characteristics when performing septoplasty in children and elderly patients, including the preservation of growth plates in children and accounting for age-related changes in cartilage and mucous membranes in the elderly.
Publication date:
20.10.2025
Keywords:
nasal septum embryology, morphological changes of nose in embryos, age-related cartilage changes, septum deformities, septoplasty, glycosaminoglycans, lipochondrocytes For citation:
Lavrenova G. V., Vereschagina O. E., Chuikova D. A. Embryology, age-related changes, and clinical aspects of the nasal septum: from development to surgical correction. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2025;24(5):122-129. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-5-122-129