Section: 
Reviews
ReviewsFacial nerve dysfunction in otologic surgical practice
Kh. M. Diab (1), O. A. Pashchinina (2), A. E. Mikhalevich (3), O. A. Kurysheva (4)
(1), (2), (3), (4) National Medical Research Center of Otolaryngology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation, (1) Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117197, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.833.17-089.844
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2026-3-95-107
ABSTRACT
Abstract. In terms of prevalence, facial nerve dysfunction syndrome ranks second among peripheral nervous system diseases and first among cranial nerve lesions. In various regions of the world, the incidence is approximately 16–25 cases per 100,000 population. Because of its anatomical location, the facial nerve is a multidisciplinary anatomical structure. Objective. To analyze scientific literature on facial nerve pathology in the practical activities of otolaryngologists. The article describes the causes of facial nerve paresis because of temporal bone trauma, iatrogenic injuries, facial nerve tumors, diagnostic methods (electromyogram-EMG, electroneurogram-ENMG), and surgical correction of these conditions. This article describes surgical techniques for restoring the integrity of the facial nerve trunk, such as nerve decompression, end-to-end nerve suturing, and reconstruction using sural nerve autografts. Special attention is given to the interdisciplinary distribution of responsibilities among neurosurgeons, otolaryngologists, maxillofacial surgeons, and ophthalmologists in solving this multifaceted problem, when rehabilitation can be performed by an otolaryngologist (otosurgeon) and when an interdisciplinary approach is necessary.
Publication date:
16.06.2026
Keywords:
facial nerve pathology in otologic surgery, facial nerve tumors, methods of intratemporal facial nerve reconstruction For citation:
Diab Kh. M., Pashchinina O. A., Mikhalevich A. E., Kurysheva O. A. Facial nerve dysfunction in otologic surgical practice. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2026;25(3):95-107. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2026-3-95-107