Section: 
Reviews
ReviewsExcursion into history of monoclonal antibodies, possibility of their use in people with polypous rhinosinusitis and severe bronchial asthma in anamnesis
M. A. Lengina (1), N. V. Kornova (2), A. M. Korkmazov (3), D. S. Patrakova (4), M. S. Patrakova (5)
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5) South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, 454092, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.211-002.2-006.5-031.81+616.248-039-085:615.34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2024-5-94-106
ABSTRACT
Аbstract. The relevance of the scientific review is due to the expansion of the spectrum of use of biologically active monoclonal antibody therapy in the treatment of severe diseases in various fields of medicine, including in otolaryngology. 63 sources of scientific literature in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI), eLibrary.ru for the period 2012–2023 were analyzed. The main purpose is to increase the awareness of doctors about possible points of application of monoclonal antibodies in practical medicine based on the study of individual immunopathogenic mechanisms of diseases. For the specialty of otolaryngology, the choice of material was carried out according to keywords: monoclonal antibodies, targeted therapy, polypous rhinosinusitis, bronchial asthma. The results of the review showed that gene therapy is successfully used in the treatment of many serious diseases, for example, oncological, rheumatological, neurological, skin, etc. The main mechanism of action of monoclonal antibodies is aimed at specific immunopathogenic mechanisms of disease. The identified possibilities of inhibition of key cytokines (interleukins, ILs) in the development of T2 inflammation (IL-4, IL-13), in some cases IL5 (keeper of eosinophils), have allowed in recent years treating patients with allergic rhinitis, polypous rhinosinusitis against the background of severe bronchial asthma with some success. But at the same time, questions remain about the use of biologically active or targeted therapy in the treatment of polypous rhinosinusitis: improving the criteria for evaluating the results obtained, how long this method can be used, when it can be discontinued, the study of long-term results, the reaction of other organs and systems, the identification of which can expand the prospects for diagnosis and treatment. The use of biological drugs should be included in the treatment of diseases strictly in accordance with current clinical recommendations.
Publication date:
17.10.2024
Keywords:
monoclonal antibodies, targeted therapy, bronchial asthma, chronic polypous rhinosinusitis For citation:
Lengina M. A., Kornova N. V., Korkmazov A. M., Patrakova D. S., Patrakova M. S. Excursion into history of monoclonal antibodies, possibility of their use in people with polypous rhinosinusitis and severe bronchial asthma in anamnesis. Russian otorhinolaryngology. 2024;23(5):94-106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2024-5-94-106