Section: 
Reviews
ReviewsEvolution of cholesteatoma management technics and mastoidoplasty
A. A. Val’kova (1), I. I. Chernushevich (2), I. M. D’yakov (3), V. I. Chernushevich (4), P. A. Luntovskaya (5)
(1), (2), (3), (5) Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russian Federation, (4) Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.284-002.2+616.284.258-089:616.284.7-089.843]-043.86
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-3-101-109
ABSTRACT
Abstract. The article presents the evolution of surgical treatment of patients with chronic purulent otitis media with cholesteatoma from the classical canal wall-down procedure proposed in the XIX century to modified and gentle interventions used today. The modern approach to cholesteatoma surgery involves careful eradication of the pathologic process in the temporal bone with maximum possible preservation of anatomical structures, and in case of their removal — reconstruction using autogenous, allogeneic or biocompatible grafts. The variety of available surgical methods allows the surgeon to make an optimal choice of the type of surgery intraoperatively depending on his experience, preferences and, of course, the extension of cholesteatoma. The advantages and disadvantages of canal wall-up and canal wall-down surgeries are described. Various aspects of the „disease of the operated ear“ are considered in detail and the main factors influencing its development are highlighted. The article presents solutions to problems typical for trepanation cavities after canal wall-down surgeries, and also attempts to systematize information related to mastoidoplasty. A review of existing materials for obliteration of the mastoid segment of the cavity and reconstruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal is conducted, their advantages and disadvantages are considered.
Publication date:
17.06.2025
Keywords:
mastoidoplasty, disease of the operated ear, obliteration of the mastoid cavity, radical ear surgery, canal wall-down surgeries For citation:
Val’kova A. A., Chernushevich I. I., D’yakov I. M., Chernushevich V. I., Luntovskaya P. A. Evolution of cholesteatoma management technics and mastoidoplasty. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2025;24(3):101-109. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-3-101-109