Section: 
Rhinology issues
Rhinology issuesRole of immunotropic therapy in treatment of acute nasopharyngitis
S. A. Artyushkin (1), E. V. Bezrukova (2)
(1) Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russian Federation, (1), (2) Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 191015, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.211+616.321]-002:615.37
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-3-32-41
ABSTRACT
Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of treating acute nasopharyngitis (ANF) using immunotropic agents: recombinant interferon α2b in combination with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan intranasally and an agent containing β-D-glucans of fungal origin orally. Materials and methods. 113 patients with acute nasopharyngitis and 61 practically healthy individuals were included. Patients with ANF were divided into groups: the comparison group included 37 people who received standard therapy: 0.05% Oxymetazoline hydrochloride solution, 2 drops in the nose 2 times a day, irrigation of the nasal cavity and posterior pharyngeal wall with 0.1% Miramistin solution 3 times a day, gargling with Furacilin solution 3 times a day. The course of treatment was 7 days. Observation group 1: 38 people received intranasal interferon α2b 1.0 mL in combination with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan 0.1 mg in each nasal passage, 3 times a day for 7 days (1.0 mL of the drug contained 10,000 IU, the daily dose was 60,000 IU). The course of treatment was 7 days. Observation group 2: 38 people, intake of β-D-glucans of fungal origin, 2 capsules, 2 times a day, for 7 days. The course of treatment was 7 days. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the etiologic factor of ANF. Determination of the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1Ra cytokines was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical efficacy was assessed in points. The following symptoms were considered: general malaise, sore throat, nature of nasal discharge, difficulty in nasal breathing. The analysis of the study results was performed using parametric and nonparametric statistics. Results. Rhinovirus (RV), genotype A, was detected in the nasal secretions of patients in 60.0% of cases. ANF was characterized by a change in the balance of IL-1Ra/IL-1β cytokines with a predominance of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. On the 7th day of treatment, the concentrations of cytokines among patients receiving immunotropic agents coincided with the group of practically healthy people, while the dynamics of the decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms of ANF had a similar direction and were several times higher than when using standard therapy. Conclusions. Thus, the obtained positive effect indicates the advisability of using immunotropic agents, including for reducing the risk of complications.
Publication date:
17.06.2025
Keywords:
nasopharyngitis, interferon, γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan, β-D-glucans For citation:
Artyushkin S. A., Bezrukova E. V. Role of immunotropic therapy in treatment of acute nasopharyngitis. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2025;24(3):32-41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-3-32-41