Section: 
Rewiews
RewiewsCochlear implantation for congenital inner ear anomalies
V. I. Popadyuk (1), Kh. M. Diab (2), M. Khariri (3)
(1), (3) P. Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation, (2) National Medical Research Center of Otolaryngology of the FMBA of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.283.1-089.843:616.281-007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2026-1-118-126
ABSTRACT
Abstract. Cochlear implantation for inner ear anomalies is a surgical treatment method that allows restoring hearing or improving the rehabilitation of patients with severe sensorineural hearing loss. Every year, the indications for cochlear implantation are constantly expanding, going beyond severe sensorineural hearing loss and include both unilateral organic damage (deafness) and congenital anatomical changes in the inner ear. Diagnosis of this group of malformations is carried out using radiation examination methods including multispiral computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical tactics in cochlear implantation are determined by a preliminary assessment of multispiral computed tomography of the temporal bones and intraoperative findings. The difficulties in the treatment of these patients are in choosing adequate surgical treatment to achieve the best results of auditory rehabilitation. Objective. To analyze literature data to understand the features of cochlear implantation in patients with inner ear anomalies, the prevalence of pathology among children and adults, methods of disease diagnosis and surgical treatment tactics. Conclusion. Modern systematization of congenital inner ear anomalies not only gives an idea of the diversity of such pathology, but is also useful in determining indications for cochlear implantation, in the process of choosing tactics for intervention. Postoperative rehabilitation programs play an important role in restoring hearing and speech to all patients who have had cochlear implants. They allow patients with inner ear anomalies to develop their hearing and speech abilities on a par with patients without inner ear anomalies.
Publication date:
24.02.2026
Keywords:
congenital inner ear anomaly, cochlear implantation, classification of inner ear anomalies, selection of electrodes, auditory rehabilitation For citation:
Popadyuk V. I., Diab Kh. M., Khariri M. Cochlear implantation for congenital inner ear anomalies. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2026;25(1):118-126. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2026-1-118-126