Section: 
Otiology
OtiologyImmunological biomarkers as prognostic factors of clinical outcomes of tympanoplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media
Z. M. Saidov (1), Yu. A. Dzhamaludinov (2), Kh. M. Diab (3), V. Yu. Khanaliev (4), A. V. Krivtsov (5), M. A. Shakhnazarov (6), M. Z. Saidov (7)
(1), (2), (4), (5), (6), (7) Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, 367000, Russian Federation, (3) National Medical Research Center of Otolaryngology, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation
UDK: УДК 616.28-002.2/3:616.285-089.844:612.017.1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-1-113-123
ABSTRACT
Abstract. The study of prognostic factors of clinical outcomes of tympanoplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a topical issue in otosurgery since it allows for a full preoperative, individual preparation of the patient regarding the success of any proposed intervention. Objective. To assess the prognostic power of immune system parameters in relation to clinical outcomes of tympanoplasty in CSOM. Patients and methods. 49 patients with CSOM with mesotympanitis and epitympanitis. The control group included 15 people. All patients with mesotympanitis and epitympanitis underwent tympanoplasty using the Overlay technique and the Underlay technique. In all patients, the state of systemic cellular immunity was studied using CD markers before and in the postoperative period. Humoral immunity parameters included quantitative determination of IgG, sIgA, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 in blood serum. The level of serum cytokines was determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method using ELISA kits from Vector Best-Yug company. To assess the probability of developing unsatisfactory outcomes of tympanoplasty operations based on immunological parameters, the relative risk (RR) value with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. Results. Based on the obtained results, the following parameters are proposed to be used as personalized prognostic factors for unsatisfactory outcomes of tympanoplasty in mesotympanitis: an increase in the number of CD16/56+ cells above 16%, a decrease in the number of CD19+ cells below 10%, a decrease in the level of IL-1b below 0.5 pg/mL, an increase in the level of CIC above 52 U, a decrease in the level of sIgA below 3 mg/L, and an increase in the cytotoxicity index (CD8/NK) above 2.6. In case of epitympanitis, the personalized “reference points” of unsatisfactory tympanoplasty outcomes may be an increase in the number of CD16/56+ cells above 16%, a decrease in the number of CD19+ cells below 10%, a decrease in the level of IL-1b below 0.5 pg/mL, a decrease in the level of TNF-a below 0.5 pg/mL, a decrease in the level of sIgA below 3 mg/L as well as a decrease in the immunoregulatory index of cytokines—IFN-g/IL-10 below 2.3. Taking these data into account as prognostic factors is possible only if the methods for assessing the state of the immune system are standardized.
Publication date:
20.02.2025
Keywords:
mesotympanitis, epitympanitis, prognostic factors, CD cells, cytokines For citation:
Saidov Z. M., Dzhamaludinov Yu. A., Diab H. M., Khanaliev V. Yu., Krivtsov A. V., Shakhnazarov M. A., Saidov M. Z. Immunological biomarkers as prognostic factors of clinical outcomes of tympanoplasty in chronic suppurative otitis media. Russian Otorhinolaryngology. 2025;24(1):113-123. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18692/1810-4800-2025-1-113-123